(1) < 不及物動詞 + at >
這種組合 at 後面通常加動詞所指的對象。例如:
laugh at
In school her classmates laugh at her for being quiet and a little socially awkward.
其它類似的例子還有 look at, glance at, stare at, grasp at, marvel at。
另外也有 at 後面不加動詞所指對象的情況,例如 shudder at 後面接的受詞是 shudder (害怕而顫抖) 的原因。例句:
She shuddered at the thought that her son might have been taken away.
注意:
動詞後面有時要看情況使用不同的介係詞,例如:
I shudder with embarrassment whenever I think about it.
上面這句因為並不是接 shudder 的原因,而是接一種感覺(embarrassment),所以介係詞用 with,不用 at。
(2) < 不及物動詞 + for >
for 有「追求、尋求」的意思,所以 for 後面接的受詞就是要尋求的東西。
search for
We are searching for the missing boy.
同樣地,和 (1) 一樣,動詞後面有時要看情況使用不同的介係詞。例如 search 也可以這樣用:
< search + in/under/through + something >
I saw a poor man in a slum area bending to search through a heap of trash.
其它 <不及物動詞 + for> 的組合還有:hope for, wish for, apply for, look for, apply for, cry for, wait for, pray for, long for, yearn for。
(3) < 不及物動詞 + from >
recover from
He’s in hospital, recovering from a car accident.
separate from
At this point, the satellite separates from its launcher.
She decided to separate from her husband.
註:
(1) She separated from her husband. 可以改寫為:
She and her husband separated.
(2) separate 也可以是及物動詞,大多用在 separate A from B 這個句型:
Do you know how to separate egg yolks from egg whites?
= Do you know how to separate eggs?
In the fog, they got separated from each other.
(3) separate 也可以當形容詞使用:
Use separate knives for raw and cooked meat.
He keeps his professional life completely separate from his private life.
(4) separated (A) (夫妻/男女朋友) 暫時分開
They’ve been separated for a month.
類似的例子還有 abstain from, refrain from, result from, differ from, escape from, flee from, emerge from, suffer from。
(4) < 不及物動詞 + in >
succeed in
She succeeded in running her own business.
persist in
She persisted in her studies.
confide in
I’ve never felt able to confide in my parents.
consist in
Happiness does not consist in how much money you have.
delight in
She delights in teasing her brother.
其它例子還有 engage in, participate in, believe in。
同樣地,後面有時要看情況使用不同的介係詞。例如 confide 也可以這樣用:
< confide to somebody that S + V >
Finally he confided to the media that his company had gone bankrupt.
(5) < 不及物動詞 + of >
approve of
Her parents didn’t approve of her boyfriend.
補充:approve of 解釋為「贊成,認可」。注意別跟做及物動詞的 approve 搞混,及物動詞的 approve 意思為「同意,通過 (法律、提議等等)」。例句:
Congress approved the budget yesterday.
The conference approved a proposal for a referendum.
make of
What do you make of it? (這件事你怎麼看?)
補充:
make 跟上句表示同樣的意思時,也可以是及物動詞:
I can't make anything of his hand writing. (他手寫的字我完全看不懂。)
admit of
The results admit of no other explanation.
repent of
At least he repented of his sins before he died.
despair of
We despair of ever seeing her.
My girlfriend began to despair of me.
dispose of
We decided to build an incinerator to dispose of toxic waste.
I think he knows how best to dispose of the shares.
其它例子還有 consist of, beware of, think of。
(6) < 不及物動詞 + on >
reflect on
Successful people often reflect on their successes and failures.
draw on
She has a wealth of experience to draw on.
insist on
The man charged with groping insisted on his innocence, but eventually he was still sentenced to prison.
act on
She is acting on the advice of her lawyer.
They only acted on information received.
其它例子還有 depend on, count on, rely on, live on。
(7) < 不及物動詞 + to >
這裡的介係詞 to 大多表示「方向」、「對象」。
object to
The project manager objected to to the plan.
conform to
Surprisingly people who do not conform to traditional standards tend to be more successful in life.
Students can be expelled for refusing to conform to the rules.
yield to
Finally she yielded to temptation and helped herself to a second piece of cake.
consent to
Reluctantly, her father consented to the marriage.
補充:
(1) consent 為 refuse 的反義詞。它的後面也可以接不定詞,例句:
He rarely consents to talk about his private life.
(2) 既然提到 refuse,特別說一下,refuse 可以是及物動詞,所以可以直接加要拒絕的東西:
She refused a second piece of cake.
其它例子還有 adhere to, appeal to, apply to, contribute to, reply to, respond to, stick to。
(8) < 不及物動詞 + with >
fill with
Her eyes filled with tears.
Her eyes filled with tears.
abound with
The river abounds with fish.
accord with
It's a shame that some researchers should edit their observations to accord with their theory.
It's a shame that some researchers should edit their observations to accord with their theory.
The punishments accorded with the current code of discipline.
其它例子還有 begin with, start with, finish with, gleam with, glow with, conform with (或 conform to)。
沒有留言:
張貼留言