1. 形容詞 + in
negligent in
The janitor has been negligent in taking care of the school.
fluent/proficient in
She's fluent in English.
= She's proficient in English.
很多表示 ｢在某方面很好｣ 的形容詞，後面接的介係詞都是 in/at，介係詞後面的受詞是｢在哪方面好｣。例如下面三個：
(1) proficient in/at
The secret of becoming proficient at anything is practice.
(2) excellent in/at
(3) experienced in/at
inherent in
We acknowledged that the dangers being discussed are inherent in our society.
disappointed in sb
I’m disappointed in you.
比較：
disappointed 這個字後面如果要說對什麼東西 disappointed，這時可以加的介係詞還蠻多的：<disappointed at/with/about/by sth>
We are disappointed at the results.
We are disappointed by the lack of results.
involved in
The effort involved in developing this app was very huge.
比較：
involved 後面也可以加 with：
The CEO proved to be romantically involved with his secretary.
Fathers are encouraged to be more involved with their families.
He denied that he was involved with the robbery.
補充：
(1) involved 是分詞作形容詞用，有另一個意思是｢複雜的｣，其同義詞為 complicated。
The next chapter of the book is quite involved.
(2) involved 是從及物動詞 involve 變成的：
The job involves working long hours.
It's a good thing involving as many celebrities as possible in the program.
successful in
interested in
2. 形容詞 + of
conscious of
I was conscious of her glancing at me.
aware of
I was aware of the damage we had caused.
aware 也可以接 that 子句：
I was aware that we had caused damage to her property.
unaware of
She seems totally unaware of someone watching her.
= She seems totally unaware that she was being watched.
fond of
They are fond of each other.
ignorant of
Some people are ignorant of the dangers/risks of texting while driving.
jealous of
He is jealous of her success.
envious of
Many are envious of her success.
sure of
He is not even sure of his own feelings.
Are you sure of your love for her?
補充：
Are you quite sure about that? 此時 sure 後面介係詞用 about。
suspicious of
Some of his colleagues at work became suspicious of his strange behavior.
People are always suspicious of strangers.
innocent of (反義詞：guilty of)
He’s innocent of murder.
guilty of
He was found guilty of murder. This government is guilty of much talk and little action.
注意：
(1) guilty 在 plead guilty to sth 這個片語裡，介係詞用 to：
(2) guilty 解釋為 ｢有罪，犯了錯｣ 時，和 innocent 是反義詞，後面的介係詞用 of；但是如果是解釋為 ｢羞愧、有罪惡感、感到抱歉｣ 時，跟 ashamed 是同義詞，後面介係詞要用 about/for/at，且因為是｢感到 guilty｣，所以常說 feel guilty。
(1) guilty 在 plead guilty to sth 這個片語裡，介係詞用 to：
He pleaded guilty to all charges of theft.
= He was guilty of all charges of theft.
(2) guilty 解釋為 ｢有罪，犯了錯｣ 時，和 innocent 是反義詞，後面的介係詞用 of；但是如果是解釋為 ｢羞愧、有罪惡感、感到抱歉｣ 時，跟 ashamed 是同義詞，後面介係詞要用 about/for/at，且因為是｢感到 guilty｣，所以常說 feel guilty。
I feel really guilty about not having invited her to the party.
注意不要解釋為｢我感覺有罪。｣，應該解釋為｢我感覺有罪惡感。｣。這一句話也可以用更一般的講法，把 guilty 換成 bad 說成：
I feel really bad about not having invited her to the party.
ashamed of
I felt ashamed of the things I’d done to him.
Never feel ashamed of your body.
independent of
At the age of 20, he became independent of his parents, finally!
補充：
但在討論國家獨立時，independent 後面介係詞用 from： India became independent from the British Empire in 1947.
補充：
但在討論國家獨立時，independent 後面介係詞用 from： India became independent from the British Empire in 1947.
weary of (= tired of)
The citizens grew weary of the civil war.
補充：
(1) weary 除了當形容詞之外，也可以當動詞使用 (及物或不及物)，型態變化為 wearied, wearying, wearies。
My students wearied me sometimes.
Eventually we wearied of the journey. (注意當不及物動詞時，介系詞用 of)
(2) weary 的其它變形為：wearying (形容詞), wearily (副詞), weariness (不可數名詞)。
capable of
She's old enough to be capable of doing it by herself.
incapable of
Some students seem incapable of understanding what I'm saying.
The stroke rendered her incapable of speech.
注意：
不要在 capable 或 incapable 後面加不定詞：
*He's incapable to care for himself. (錯誤)。應該說成
He's incapable of caring for himself.
scared of (= afraid of)
Don't be scared of water.
sick of
I am sick of fixing computer bugs all day.
注意：
(1) sick 跟 of 搭配時不是｢生病｣的意思，而是等於 tired of。另外 sick of 和 tired of 也常一起搭配：
I’m sick and tired of your excuses.
(2) 如果 sick 用在 ｢生病｣的意思，並且如果要接對什麼生病時，介系詞用 with：
I have been sick with flu.
characteristic of (= be typical of)
The white stone houses are characteristic of the island.
補充：
(1) characteristic 也可以當可數名詞使用
In the future parents would be able to choose their children’s physical characteristics.
capable of
She's old enough to be capable of doing it by herself.
incapable of
Some students seem incapable of understanding what I'm saying.
The stroke rendered her incapable of speech.
注意：
不要在 capable 或 incapable 後面加不定詞：
*He's incapable to care for himself. (錯誤)。應該說成
He's incapable of caring for himself.
scared of (= afraid of)
Don't be scared of water.
sick of
I am sick of fixing computer bugs all day.
注意：
(1) sick 跟 of 搭配時不是｢生病｣的意思，而是等於 tired of。另外 sick of 和 tired of 也常一起搭配：
I’m sick and tired of your excuses.
(2) 如果 sick 用在 ｢生病｣的意思，並且如果要接對什麼生病時，介系詞用 with：
I have been sick with flu.
characteristic of (= be typical of)
The white stone houses are characteristic of the island.
補充：
(1) characteristic 也可以當可數名詞使用
In the future parents would be able to choose their children’s physical characteristics.
(2) characteristic 的常用搭配詞：defining/distinguishing characteristic
Big eyes are the distinguishing characteristic of all my sisters.
typical of
This piece of writing is typical of her work.
free of/from
I longed to be completely free of my parents.
At last she was free of pain.
The food we serve is free from artificial additives.
frightened of/by
The kid was frightened of being in the dark.
She was always frightened of her father who had an awful temper.
terrified of/by
She is terrified of heights.
補充：
(1) be terrified at the thought of sth
He was terrified at the thought of being caught.
請注意 at the thought of 中的介係詞。
(2) be terrified to do sth
He was terrified to stay home alone.
3. 形容詞 + on
reliant on/upon
Companies nowadays are heavily reliant on computer technology.
intent on/upon
Intent upon her work, she was unaware of the cold.
insistent on
Our teacher is insistent on good manners.
keen on
She's very keen on tennis.
dependent on
Women in those times were dependent on men.
比較：
independent 後面介係詞用 of：
These days women were independent of men.
但在討論國家獨立時，用 from：
India became independent from the British Empire in 1947.
based on
Women in those times were dependent on men.
比較：
independent 後面介係詞用 of：
These days women were independent of men.
但在討論國家獨立時，用 from：
India became independent from the British Empire in 1947.
based on
4. 形容詞 + to
sympathetic to/towards
I'm sympathetic to those who worry all the time.
devoted to
Only a few parents are able to be devoted to their children completely.
dedicated to
Few are able to be completely dedicated to scientific research.
equal to
The rent was almost equal to my monthly income!
比較：
在哪方面相同用 in，例如 equal in size/length/height，等於 of equal size/length/height。
The two boys are roughly equal in height.
= The two boys are of equal height.
注意：
(1) equal 當形容詞用時，後面介係詞用 to。
(2) 這個字也可以當動詞用(連綴動詞或及物動詞)。
Prices become more stable when supply equals demand. (equal: 連綴動詞)
Five plus two equals seven. (equal: 連綴動詞)
註：上面這句話 plus 是介係詞，且 Five 要看成一個數值，所以視為第三人稱單數，後面的動詞 equals 要It's pretty hard for you to equal his extraordinary achievements. (equal: 及物動詞)
(3) equal 還可以當可數名詞。例句：
You should treat all your staff as equals.
The two buildings are equal in height.
(4) equal 當名詞時的常用片語：<be the equal of sb/sth>、<be without equal>
The company proved to be the equal of its rivals.
Her achievements in writing are without equal.
equivalent to
The amount of calories is equivalent to running for three miles.
補充：
calorie (卡路里)是可數名詞：
I need to burn off a few calories.
similar to
The dress she was wearing looked quite similar to mine.
補充：
similar 介係詞也可以加 in，表示 ｢在哪裡類似｣。
The dresses looked similar in size and design.
akin to
The flavor is akin to sashimi.
contrary to
The government’s decisions should not be contrary to the public interest.
Contrary to popular belief/opinion, ...
補充：
(1) contrary 也可以當名詞，主要用在 on the contrary、quite the contrary 和 to the contrary 這三個片語中。
evidence/statements etc to the contrary
(2) the public/national interest：注意要加定冠詞 the，因為 public/national interest 是指全體。常用片語：be in the national/public interest。
Publication of the confidential documents is in the public interest.
(3) contrast 當名詞時，和 between、to 搭配；當動詞時，常和 with 搭配：
The professor is asking the students to elaborate on the contrasts between the two theories.
The little village was a total contrast to nearby big cities.
Our professor asked us to contrast the new theory with the old one.
(4) 常用片語：stand/be in contrast to
Her political views stand in stark contrast to those of her colleagues.
opposite to
His point of view is quite opposite to everyone else.
補充：
opposite 也可以當介係詞：
There is a mall opposite our apartment.
alert to
The authorities should be alert to the possibility of an economic collapse.
補充：
(1) alert 也可以當及物動詞用，受詞是 alert 的東西，如果要再說 alert 了什麼東西，前面介係詞要加 to：
We should have alerted the police.
The government should alert the public to the dangers of HIV.
(2) alert 還可以當可數名詞用。
a bomb/fire/flood/terrorist etc alert
(3) alert 當名詞時的常用片語：on (the/full) alert (for sth/sb)，put on alert
The guards are on full alert.
The police are on the alert for anyone suspicious.
Troops in the vicinity were put on alert.
blind to
The company is blind to the needs of its customers.
常用片語：turn a blind eye (to sth)
sensitive to Babies are sensitive to noise. common to These problems are common to all societies.
unique to These problems are not unique to our country. accustomed to = used to Your eyes can become accustomed to dark within just a few seconds. analogous to The report’s findings are analogous to our own. identical to/with Her dress was almost identical to mine. 補充：
identical in size etc The sisters were identical in appearance and character. opposed to We are opposed to the death penalty.
補充：
as opposed to sth
Students discuss ideas, as opposed to learning by rote.
subsequent to
I hope to have some good news on events that happened subsequent to the terrible accident.
grateful to
I am very grateful to you for all your help.
注意：
對什麼事情 grateful 要用介係詞 for：
I’m grateful for everything you've done.
thankful to
比較：
thankful for + 事情 (跟 grateful 用法類似)
exposed to
related to
relevant to
immune to
inclined to
superior/inferior to
apparent to
obvious to
clear to
addicted to
beneficial to
kind to
limited to
restricted to
married to
5. 形容詞 + with
annoyed with
I was annoyed with him for not texting me.
註：
(1) annoyed about sth (或用 for sth-原因)
(2) annoyed with/at sb
furious with sb about/at sth (或用 for sth-原因)
She was furious with him for not texting.
bored with/by
I am bored with my present job.
compatible with
She feels she's not compatible with her husband.
wrong with
What is wrong with our society? There’s nothing wrong with our society.
crowded with
I was annoyed with him for not texting me.
註：
(1) annoyed about sth (或用 for sth-原因)
(2) annoyed with/at sb
furious with sb about/at sth (或用 for sth-原因)
She was furious with him for not texting.
bored with/by
I am bored with my present job.
compatible with
She feels she's not compatible with her husband.
wrong with
What is wrong with our society? There’s nothing wrong with our society.
crowded with
This road is always crowded with traffic.
補充：
(1) crowded with 的反義詞是 empty of：
(1) crowded with 的反義詞是 empty of：
This road is always empty of people.
(2) crowded with 的同義詞有 jammed with = jam-packed with
thick with
This road is always thick with traffic.
The air was thick with cigarette smoke.
careful with
You must be careful with hot water.
補充：
careful 後面的介係詞也可以用 about。且如果受詞是名詞片語時，可直接省略介係詞：
Be careful about how you treat children.
Be careful about what you eat.
I promise I’ll be more careful what I say in the future.
impatient with
We are growing/becoming impatient with the lack of results.
patient with
Please be patient with me.
satisfied with
She is satisfied with her looks.
dissatisfied with
She is still dissatisfied with her looks.
popular with/among
The president-elect is popular with/among voters between the ages of 20 to 40.
unpopular with/among
The president-elect is unpopular with/among voters between the ages of 50 to 100.
generous with
He is very generous with his money.
content with
We are all content with the final results.
Not content with my apartment, I bought a new one.
補充句型：content (for sb) to do sth
The mother sat beside her children, content to watch them sleeping.
fine with
That’s fine with me.
acquainted with
Are you acquainted with Jim?
paved with
The streets are paved with cobblestones.
注意：
(1) paved 是一個分詞當形容詞的字，所以可以說
(1) paved 是一個分詞當形容詞的字，所以可以說
a paved courtyard
(2) pave 也可以是及物動詞，一般常用在 pave the way for sth 這個片語中。
angry with
Please don’t be angry with me.
註：angry at/with sb about/over sth
impressed with
6. 形容詞 + at
skillful at
After years of practice, she became skillful at cooking.
good at
bad at
terrible at
amazed at/by
delighted at/by/with
I am delighted at the new results.
註：
試比較下面兩個句子：
We were amazed at his rapid recovery.
We were amazed by his rapid recovery.
這兩句話意思差不多，可是還是有小小的差異。其實，上面舉的很多形容詞(例如 astonished, amazed, surprised)，是由一些及物動詞 (例如 astonish, amaze, surprise) 轉變為分詞，而當形容詞的例子。
此時，如果要強調原本動詞的動作，後面介係詞就用 by；如果要強調形容詞的狀態，用其它介係詞，例如 at。
所以上面第一句話可以翻譯為｢我們對他快速的恢復速度感到很驚奇｣，重點是｢感到很驚奇｣；第二句話可以翻譯為｢我們被他快速的恢復速度驚愕到了｣，重點是動詞｢被驚愕到了｣，且這句話是被動語態，可以改為主動：
His rapid recovery amazed us.
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